How to lie with data

This spreadsheet was shown on TV both yesterday (Friday August 18, the day of the verdicts) and at the start of the trial of Lucy Letby. Apparently, Cheshire Constabulary find this absolutely damning evidence against Lucy. And indeed, many journalists seem to agree.

The 25 events are almost all of the events at which LL was present during the periods investigated. They are suspicious because she was under suspicion when the police started their investigations. Not surprisingly, most nurses are not present at many of these events. And of course, many nurses probably work far fewer hours than LL. Many are often on administrative duties.

The doctors on the ward are of course missing. Doctors were never investigated as suspects but from the start of police investigations apparently always believed to speak gospel truth. During cross-examination, during the trial, some of them have changed various parts of their stories. Of course, unlike Lucy, they do not lie, since they could never (under oath in court, or earlier, when being interviewed as witnesses by police) be saying untruths in order to deceive.

Back to the spreadsheet. When drawing conclusions from any data it is important to know how it was gathered. It is important to know what data is missing, but would be needed draw even the most preliminary and tentative inferences.

There was an NHS investigation into the raised rates of deaths and collapses at Countess of Chester Hospital (CoCH) in summer 2015 and summer 2016. It was published in 2017 by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH). The investigation blamed the consultants for the appalling low standard of care, and the terrible situation regarding hygiene. The RCPCH investigators actually wrote that nurse Lucy Letby could not be associated with the events, but that passage was redacted out of the published report for privacy reasons. We know that already, consultants had presented their fears to hospital management. One of them (successful TV doctor and FaceBook influencer dr Ravi Jayaram) was on TV yesterday proudly telling the world that he had been vindicated. Management was inclined not to believe them, and did not act on them, but they certainly came to the ears of the RCPCH. On publication of the report, four consultants had had enough, and went to the police with their suspicions that LL was a murderer.

Thanks to FOI requests and statistical analysis by independent scientists, we now know that the rate of events (deaths and collapses) is just as much raised when Lucy is not on the ward as it is when she is on the ward. A lot of medical information (as well as the state of the drains at CoCH) points to a seasonal virus epidemic.

The elevated rate went back to normal after the hospital was down-graded (no longer accepting high risk patients), and when the drains were rebuilt, and when the senior consultant retired, all of which happened soon after the police investigation started. Incidentally, the rate of still-births and miscarriages show exactly the same pattern.

Lucy must certainly have been a witch in order to kill babies in the womb and even when she is far from the hospital.

Those familiar with miscarriages of justice involving serial killer nurses will be familiar with this police and prosecution tactic. Is it evil or is it just stupid? (cf. Hanlon’s razor). I think it is quite simply “learnt”. Police and prosecution learn what convinces jurors over the years, and that is why the same “mistakes” are made again and again. They work!

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